Simulating long-distance entanglement in quantum spin chains by superconducting flux qubits

  1. Stefano Zippilli,
  2. Miroslav Grajcar,
  3. Evgeni Il'ichev,
  4. and Fabrizio Illuminati
We investigate the performance of superconducting flux qubits for the adiabatic quantum simulation of long distance entanglement (LDE), namely a finite ground-state entanglement between
the end spins of an open quantum spin chain. As such, LDE can be considered an elementary precursor of edge modes and topological order. We discuss two possible implementations which simulate open chains with uniform bulk and weak end bonds, either with Ising or with XX nearest-neighbor interactions. In both cases we discuss a suitable protocol for the adiabatic preparation of the ground state in the physical regimes featuring LDE. In the first case the adiabatic manipulation and the Ising interactions are realized using dc-currents, while in the second case microwaves fields are used to control the smoothness of the transformation and to realize the effective XX interactions. We demonstrate the adiabatic preparation of the end-to-end entanglement in chains of four qubits with realistic parameters and on a relatively fast time scale.

Toroidal qubits: naturally-decoupled quiet artificial atoms

  1. Alexandre M. Zagoskin,
  2. Arkadi Chipouline,
  3. Evgeni Il'ichev,
  4. J. Robert Johansson,
  5. and Franco Nori
The requirements of quantum computations impose high demands on the level of qubit protection from perturbations; in particular, from those produced by the environment. Here we propose
a superconducting flux qubit design that is naturally protected from ambient noise. This decoupling is due to the qubit interacting with the electromagnetic field only through its toroidal moment, which provides an unusual qubit-field interaction.

Study of a quantized resonator field coupled to a current-biased Josephson junction in circuit QED

  1. Christian Kraglund Andersen,
  2. Gregor Oelsner,
  3. Evgeni Il'ichev,
  4. and Klaus Mølmer
A Lagrangian formalism is used to derive the Hamiltonian for a λ/4-resonator shunted by a current-biased Josephson junction. The eigenstates and the quantum dynamics of the system
are analyzed numerically, and we show that the system can function as an efficient detector of weak incident microwave fields.

Implementation of a Quantum Metamaterial

  1. Pascal Macha,
  2. Gregor Oelsner,
  3. Jan-Michael Reiner,
  4. Michael Marthaler,
  5. Stephan André,
  6. Gerd Schön,
  7. Uwe Huebner,
  8. Hans-Georg Meyer,
  9. Evgeni Il'ichev,
  10. and Alexey V. Ustinov
Manipulating the propagation of electromagnetic waves through sub-wavelength sized artificial structures is the core function of metamaterials. Resonant structures, such as split ring
resonators, play the role of artificial „atoms“ and shape the magnetic response. Superconducting metamaterials moved into the spotlight for their very low ohmic losses and the possibility to tune their resonance frequency by exploiting the Josephson inductance. Moreover, the nonlinear nature of the Josephson inductance enables the fabrication of truly artificial atoms. Arrays of such superconducting quantum two-level systems (qubits) can be used for the implementation of a quantum metamaterial. Here, we perform an experiment in which 20 superconducting flux qubits are embedded into a single microwave resonator. The phase of the signal transmitted through the resonator reveals the collective resonant coupling of up to 8 qubits. Quantum circuits of many artificial atoms based on this proof-of-principle experiment offer a wide range of prospects, from detecting single microwave photons to phase switching, quantum birefringence and superradiant phase transitions.