System-Level Design of Scalable Fluxonium Quantum Processors with Double-Transmon Couplers

  1. Guo Xuan Chan,
  2. Wangwei Lan,
  3. Tenghui Wang,
  4. Xizheng Ma,
  5. Chunqing Deng,
  6. and Lijing Jin
Fluxonium qubits combine long coherence times with strong anharmonicity, making them a promising platform for scalable superconducting quantum processors. Recent experiments have demonstrated
high-fidelity operations in multi-qubit processors while suppressing stray qubit interactions using fluxonium-transmon-fluxonium (FTF) architectures. However, scaling such systems to larger arrays is constrained by a trade-off between achievable coupling strength, crosstalk suppression and qubit-qubit spacing required for wiring in a two-dimensional architecture. Multimode couplers, such as the double-transmon coupler (DTC), provide a promising pathway to overcome this limitation by enabling stronger interactions without compromising qubit spacing and isolation. Here, we develop a quantitative design framework for fluxonium-based quantum processors employing DTCs. Central to this work is a frequency-partitioned architecture that places qubit transitions, tunable-coupler excitations, and resonator modes in well-separated spectral regions. This structured allocation reduces parameter interdependence and enables the concurrent optimization of gate operations, readout, and qubit reset. By formulating device design as a multi-objective optimization problem under realistic experimental constraints and fabrication-induced disorder, we develop a tractable sequential workflow and determine a feasible parameter regime that simultaneously supports high-fidelity single- and two-qubit gates, fast qubit reset, and robust dispersive readout. These results establish a system-level architectural methodology that links circuit parameters to processor-level performance, and provide an experimentally actionable pathway toward scalable fluxonium quantum processors.

Millikelvin digital-to-analog converter for superconducting quantum processors

  1. Ruizi Hu,
  2. Zongyuan Li,
  3. Zhancheng Yao,
  4. Yufei Wu,
  5. Qiang Zhang,
  6. Yining Jiao,
  7. Quan Guan,
  8. Lijing Jin,
  9. Wangwei Lan,
  10. Chengyao Li,
  11. Lu Ma,
  12. Liyong Mao,
  13. Huijuan Zhan,
  14. Ze Zhan,
  15. Ran Gao,
  16. Lijuan Hu,
  17. Kannan Lu,
  18. Xizheng Ma,
  19. Tenghui Wang,
  20. Peng Xiang,
  21. Chunqing Deng,
  22. and Shasha Zhu
Scaling superconducting quantum processors is increasingly constrained by the wiring, heat load, and calibration overhead associated with delivering high-resolution analog signals from
room temperature to qubits at millikelvin temperature. Here we demonstrate a superconducting digital-to-analog converter (DAC) integrated with high-coherence fluxonium qubits in a multi-chip module architecture. The DACs generate persistent analog flux signals for tuning qubit parameters and are programmed deterministically using single-flux-quantum (SFQ) pulses, providing a digital interface compatible with established SFQ routing and demultiplexing technologies. Operating at millikelvin temperature, the DACs enable in-situ tuning of fluxonium qubits without measurable degradation of qubit coherence. The presented device provides a static control primitive for flux-tunable qubits, enabling parameter homogenization and eliminating the need for individual room-temperature DC bias lines. These results establish SFQ-programmable millikelvin DACs as a building block for digitally controlled superconducting quantum processors.