Unraveling the role of disorderness in superconducting materials on qubit coherence

  1. Ran Gao,
  2. Feng Wu,
  3. Hantao Sun,
  4. Jianjun Chen,
  5. Hao Deng,
  6. Xizheng Ma,
  7. Xiaohe Miao,
  8. Zhijun Song,
  9. Xin Wan,
  10. Fei Wang,
  11. Tian Xia,
  12. Make Ying,
  13. Chao Zhang,
  14. Yaoyun Shi,
  15. Hui-Hai Zhao,
  16. and Chunqing Deng
Introducing disorderness in the superconducting materials has been considered promising to enhance the electromagnetic impedance and realize noise-resilient superconducting qubits. Despite a number of pioneering implementations, the understanding of the correlation between the material disorderness and the qubit coherence is still developing. Here, we demonstrate the first and a systematic characterization of fluxonium qubits with the superinductors made from titanium-aluminum-nitride with varied disorderness. From qubit noise spectroscopy, the flux noise and the dielectric loss are extracted as a measure of the coherence properties. Our results reveal that the 1/f flux noise dominates the qubit decoherence around the flux-frustration point, strongly correlated with the material disorderness; while the dielectric loss remains low under a wide range of material properties. From the flux-noise amplitudes, the areal density (σ) of the phenomenological spin defects and material disorderness are found to be approximately correlated by σ∝ρ3xx, or effectively (kFl)−3. This work has provided new insights on the origin of decoherence channels within superconductors, and could serve as a useful guideline for material design and optimization.
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