Genuine Tripartite Strong Coupling in a Superconducting-Spin Hybrid Quantum System

  1. Yingqiu Mao,
  2. Han-Yu Ren,
  3. Zi-Yi Liu,
  4. Yi-Zheng Zhen,
  5. Tao Rong,
  6. Tao Jiang,
  7. Zhuo Chen,
  8. Zhe-Heng Yuan,
  9. Wen-Hua Qin,
  10. Xiaoran Zhang,
  11. Xiaobing Liu,
  12. Ming Gong,
  13. Kae Nemoto,
  14. William J. Munro,
  15. and Johannes Majer
We demonstrate genuine tripartite strong coupling in a solid-state hybrid quantum system comprising a superconducting transmon qubit, a fixed-frequency coplanar-waveguide resonator, and an ensemble of NV− centers in diamond. Frequency-domain spectroscopy reveals a characteristic three-mode avoided crossing, indicating that single excitations are coherently shared across all three subsystems. At higher probe powers, we observe nonlinear features including multiphoton transitions and signatures of transmon-14N nuclear-spin interactions, highlighting the accessibility of higher-excitation manifolds in this architecture. These results establish a new regime of hybrid cavity QED that integrates superconducting and spin degrees of freedom, providing a platform for exploring complex multicomponent dynamics and developing hybrid quantum interfaces.
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